The Journal of Ophthalmology, Visual and Ocular Sciences welcomes original and high-quality submissions that contribute to the understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and management of eye disorders, visual system diseases, and ocular technologies. Authors are expected to follow the detailed guidelines below prior to submission. Non-compliance may result in delays or desk rejection.

General Requirements
Manuscripts must be written in clear, precise English and should be original, unpublished, and not under review elsewhere. The journal has a zero-tolerance policy for plagiarism, data manipulation, or redundant publication. Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and ethical soundness of their work.

Manuscript Types Accepted
• Original Research Articles
• Systematic or Narrative Reviews
• Clinical Case Reports
• Short Communications
• Surgical Technique Reports
• Commentary or Editorials (by invitation)

Manuscript Formatting
Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format. Use Times New Roman, 12-point font, double spacing, and standard 1-inch (2.54 cm) margins. All pages should be numbered sequentially. Ensure consistent formatting across sections.

Title Page
Include the following on the title page:
• Full manuscript title
• Author names and institutional affiliations
• Corresponding author’s name, email, and phone number
• ORCID iDs for all authors (if available)
• A concise running title (maximum 50 characters)

Abstract and Keywords
• Abstract: 200–300 words summarizing the study objectives, methods, key findings, and conclusion. Structured abstracts are encouraged for original research and clinical studies.
• Keywords: 4 to 6 terms placed after the abstract for indexing purposes.

Main Text Structure
For Original Research Articles, the IMRaD format is expected:
• Introduction: Present the background, rationale, and aims of the study.
• Materials and Methods: Provide sufficient detail to ensure reproducibility, including diagnostic tools, imaging techniques, surgical approaches, or experimental procedures used in ophthalmology.
• Results: Present findings clearly using tables, figures, or images where necessary.
• Discussion: Interpret the results, compare with existing literature, and address clinical or scientific implications.
• Conclusion: Briefly summarize major outcomes and future considerations.

Review Articles should provide critical syntheses of emerging trends or controversies in visual sciences, ocular pathology, or surgical innovation. Systematic reviews must follow PRISMA guidelines and include a flowchart.

Clinical Case Reports should describe unique or educationally valuable presentations, rare diagnoses, or novel interventions in ophthalmology. Include patient history, examination, diagnostics, treatment, outcome, and a discussion with references.

Tables and Figures
• All tables and figures should be cited in the main text.
• Each figure/table must have a clear legend.
• Use high-resolution images (minimum 300 dpi).
• Avoid duplicating data between tables and figures.

References
Use APA citation style consistently. In-text citations must match the reference list. Provide complete bibliographic details for all cited works, including DOIs or links where applicable.

Ethical Considerations
For studies involving human subjects, approval from an institutional review board (IRB) or ethics committee is mandatory. Informed consent must be obtained and explicitly stated. Clinical trials must be registered in a recognized registry. Authors must ensure patient confidentiality, especially when presenting images or identifiable clinical details.

Conflict of Interest
All authors must declare any potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. If no conflicts exist, a statement to that effect must be included.

Funding Statement
Authors must acknowledge all sources of financial support, including grant numbers and funding institutions, where applicable.

Acknowledgments
Contributors who do not meet authorship criteria but provided technical help, language editing, or general support may be acknowledged here with permission.

Authorship Criteria
All listed authors must have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. The corresponding author bears responsibility for ensuring that all co-authors approve the final version.

Submission Process
Manuscripts must be submitted electronically through the journal’s designated submission system or via the official editorial email. Ensure all required components are included: title page, abstract, main manuscript, figures/tables, supplementary data (if any), and author declarations.

Peer Review Process
All submissions undergo initial editorial screening followed by double-blind peer review. Based on reviewer feedback, authors may be asked to revise and resubmit. The editorial team aims to provide fair, constructive, and timely feedback.

Copyright and Licensing
The journal follows an open-access model. Authors retain copyright and license the journal to publish their work under a Creative Commons license. All accepted articles are freely available online upon publication.

Proofs and Corrections
Page proofs are sent to the corresponding author before publication. Only typographical or factual errors may be corrected at this stage. Major revisions will not be permitted after acceptance.

Article Processing Charges (APC)
APCs apply only after acceptance of the manuscript. Submission is free of charge. The APC supports editorial management, peer review, hosting, indexing, and long-term preservation. Details regarding the exact fee and payment process are available on the journal’s website.

Contact Information
For queries related to submission, editorial policies, or manuscript status, please contact the editorial office through the official communication channels listed on the journal’s homepage.